|
Sahib’s Disease
|
Kala-Azar. [NomDis1961]
Sahib: Used
formerly as a form of respectful address for a European man in colonial
India.
|
|
Salivation
|
A superabundant secretion of saliva occasioned either locally, by
the use of irritating masticatories, or under the influence of some
cause which acts on the whole economy, and especially of mercurial
preparations. [Dunglison1874]
|
|
Salt Rheum
|
An inflammatory disease of the skin, characterized by the presence
of redness and itching, an eruption of small vesicles, and the discharge
of a watery exudation, which often dries up, leaving the skin covered
with crusts; -- called also tetter, milk crust [Webster]
|
|
Sandfly Fever
|
A febrile virus disease of short duration and no mortality, transmitted
by Phlebotomus flies and clinically resembling influenza. It frequently
occurs in epidemic form among new arrivals in endemic areas. [Saunders1945]
|
|
Sanguineous Crust
|
Scab
|
|
Sanies
|
A thin bad matter,
discharged from an ill conditioned sore. [Buchan1798]
A thin, fetid, greenish fluid consisting of serum and pus discharged
from a wound, ulcer, or fistula. [Heritage]
|
|
Sapræmia
|
Infection of the blood by putrefactive products. [Appleton1907]
Blood poisoning
caused by putrefactive bacteria; results from eating putrefied
matter [Wordnet]
|
|
Sarcoma
|
A malignant tumor arising from connective tissues. [Heritage]
|
|
Scabies
|
A contagious skin disease caused by a parasitic mite (Sarcoptes
scabiei) and characterized by intense itching. [Heritage]
-
Fact sheet from CDC
-
Information sheet from NYS
Dept of Health
|
|
Scald Head
|
A common name for Porrigo, or ringworm of the scalp.
[Thomas1875]
A name popularly given to several diseases of the scalp characterized
by pustules (the dried discharge of which forms scales) and by falling
out of the hair. [Webster]
|
|
Scandinavian Syphilis |
Radesyge |
|
Scarlatina
|
A barbarous term,
apparently of British origin, which has superseded the original
and more classical name, Roseolia, or Scarlet Fever.
[Hoblyn1855]
Scarlet fever; a
disease characterized by contagious fever, and a scarlet
eruption on the skin in patches, ending in three or four days in
desquamation of the cuticle. It is often accompanied with great
soreness in the fauces and throat. [Thomas1875].
|
|
Scarlatina Maligna
|
Malignant form of Scarlet Fever [Thomas1907]
|
|
Scarlatinella
|
Fourth disease, Rose rash, Roseola.
|
|
Scarlet Fever
|
An acute contagious disease of childhood, characterized by a bright,
scarlet-colored, punctiform eruption, diffused over the entire body;
by an angina more or less severe; by a fever so variable in character
that it may only be detected by the thermometer, or so severe as
to rapidly destroy life, the thermometer registering higher in this
than in any other fever; and by a marked tendency to nephritis,
the disease finally terminating' by desquamation of the skin. [Thomas1907]
|
|
Scarlet Rash
|
Scarlet Fever
|
|
Schistosomiasis
|
Any of various generally tropical diseases caused by infestation
with schistosomes, widespread in rural areas of Africa, Asia, and
Latin America through use of contaminated water, and characterized
by infection and gradual destruction of the tissues of the kidneys,
liver, and other organs. [Heritage]
|
|
Schizophrenia
|
Any of several psychotic disorders characterized by distortions
of reality and disturbances of thought and language and withdrawal
from social contact (syn: schizophrenic disorder, schizophrenic
psychosis, dementia praecox). [Wordnet]
|
|
Schlammfieber
|
Name given to an outbreak of leptospirosis near Breslau in Germany
thought to have been due to infection with Leptospira grippotyphosa.
[CancerWEB]
|
|
Sciatica
|
Neuralgia femoropoplites;
pain along the sciatic nerve usually caused by a herniated disk
of the lumbar region of the spine and radiating to the buttocks
and to the back of the thigh. [Heritage]
|
|
Scirrhus
Scirrhus Mammary
Scirrhus Ulceration
of Eyelid
|
A hard dense cancerous growth usually arising from connective tissue.
[Heritage]
Example from an 1893 death certificate
from England:

Example
from an 1862 Death Register
from Scotland:

|
|
Scitta
|
Epidemic
dysentery that prevailed
in the 10th century. [Duglison1874]
|
|
Sclerosis
|
Induration; hardening; especially, that form of induration produced
in an organ by increase of its interstitial connective tissue. [Webster]
|
|
Cerebro-Spinal Sclerosis
|
An affection in which patches of hardening, produced by increase
of the neuralgia and atrophy of the true nerve tissue, are found
scattered throughout the brain and spinal cord. It is associated
with complete or partial paralysis, a peculiar jerking tremor of
the muscles, headache, and vertigo, and is usually fatal. Called
also multiple, disseminated, or insular, sclerosis. [Webster]
|
|
Scorbutic Fever
|
The febrile movement that sometimes accompanies scorbutus or scurvy.
[Dunglison1868]
|
|
Scorbutic Ulcers
|
Ulcers caused by scurvy. [CivilWarMed]
|
|
Scorbutus
|
The scurvy, a disease
characterized by heaviness, dejection of spirits, bloated
countenance, livid spots on the skin, offensive breath, spongy
gums, with occasional hemorrhage from the mouth and nostrils,
swelling of the legs, etc. [Thomas1875]
|
|
Scotomy
|
Dizziness with dimness of sight. [Webster1913]
|
|
Screw Worm
|
The larva of an American fly (Compsomyia macellaria), allied to
the blowflies, which sometimes deposits its eggs in the nostrils,
or about wounds, in man and other animals, with fatal results. [Webster]
|
|
Scrofula
|
A disease characterized chiefly by chronic swelling of absorbent
glands, particularly of the neck, behind the ears, and under the
chin, tending slowly to imperfect suppuration. Also termed
struma. [Thomas1875]
A form of tuberculosis affecting the lymph nodes, especially of
the neck, that is most common in children and is usually spread
by unpasteurized milk from infected cows. Also called struma; the
King's Evil. [Heritage].
"scrofula" was first used: 14th century
from the Late Latin expression "scrofulae " meaning swelling of
the glands of the neck". [Webster]
|
|
Scrofula Americana
|
Scrofula when it is joined with the yaws. [Hooper1843]
|
|
Scrofula Consumption
|
Scrofula
|
|
Scrofula Fugax
|
Scrofula: This is of the simplest kind; it is seated only about
the neck, and for the most part is caused by absorption from sores
on the head. [Hooper1843]
|
|
Scrofula Mesenterica
|
Scrofula when internal, with loss of appetite, pale countenance,
swelling of the belly, and an unusual fetor of the excrements. [Hooper1843]
|
|
Scrofula Vulgaris
|
Scrofula when it is without other disorders external and permanent.
[Hooper1843]
|
|
Scrofula of the Bowels
|
Inflammation and ulceration of the intestines from tubercular disease.
[Webster1913]
|
|
Scrofuloderma
|
Tuberculosis resulting
from extension into the skin from underlying atypical mycobacterial
infection, most commonly of cervical lymph nodes. [CancerWEB]
|
|
Scrumpox |
A name
used in England among school-children for impetigo contagiosa.
[Gould1916] |
|
Scurvy
|
Scurvy is a disease that results from insufficient
intake of vitamin C and leads to the formation of livid spots on
the skin, spongy gums and bleeding from almost all mucous membranes.
The spots are most abundant on the thighs and legs, and a person
with the ailment looks pale, feels depressed, and is partially immobilized.
Scurvy was at one time common among sailors whose ships were out
to sea longer than perishable fruits and vegetables could be stored
and by soldiers who were similarly separated from these foods for
extended periods. Symptoms include: weakness, joint pain, black-and-blue
marks on the skin, gum disease, corkscrew hairs. It takes about
three months of vitamin C deprivation to begin inducing the symptoms
of scurvy. Untreated scurvy is always fatal, but since all that
is required for full recovery is the resumption of normal vitamin
C intake, death by scurvy is rare in modern times. Scurvy was probably
first observed as a disease by Hippocrates. [Wikipedia]
|
|
Scurvy of the Alps
|
Pellagra
|
|
Black Scurvy
|
Scurvy resulting in
induration of the legs and gangrene. Also called; black leprosy,
joint evil and the scourge of the north. [Schmidt2007]
|
|
Button Scurvy
|
An epidemic cachectic affection, which has appeared in the southern
counties of Ireland, and is characterized by indolent button like
growths of the corpus papillare of the skin. It appears to be allied
to framboesia. [Dunglison1868]
|
|
Land Scurvy
|
An affection,
consisting in circular spots, stripes, or patches, scattered
over the thighs, arms, and trunk; it is called by Bateman
purpura haemorrhagica, from the occasional haemorrhage from the
mouth, nostrils, or viscera. [Hoblyn1855]
Purpura
|
|
Second Disease
|
Scarlet Fever.
Second
of six classic exanthems, or rash-associated diseases, of childhood.
|
|
Seizure
|
The sudden attack or recurrence of a disease. A single episode of
epilepsy; often a seizure is named for the kind of epilepsy it represents
(see under epilepsy). Called also convulsion, fit, and ictus epilepticus.
[Dorland]
|
|
Senectus
|
Old Age
|
|
Senectus Ultima
|
Decrepitude
|
|
Senile
|
Mentally or physically infirm with age. [Wordnet]
|
|
Senile Atrophy
|
Wasting of tissues and organs with advancing age from decreased
catabolic or anabolic processes, at times due to endocrine changes,
decreased use, or ischemia. [CancerWEB]
|
|
Senile Decay
|
Refers to the
progressive loss of mental capacity that leads to dementia and
personal helplessness. The majority of the cases recorded were
most likely Alzheimer's disease.
[Schmidt2007]
|
|
Senile Dementia
|
A progressive, abnormally accelerated deterioration of mental faculties
and emotional stability in old age, occurring especially in Alzheimer's
disease. [Heritage]
|
|
Senility
|
Old Age
|
|
Sepsis
|
The poisoned condition resulting from the presence of pathogens
or their toxins, as in septicemia. [Heritage]
|
|
Septic
|
Containing or resulting from disease-causing organisms; "a septic
sore throat". [Wordnet]
|
|
Septicemia
|
That morbid process commonly known as blood poisoning, in which,
with or without a local site of infection, there is an invasion
of the blood by bacteria or their toxins. [Thomas1907]
|
|
Seroma
|
A mass or tumefaction caused by the localized accumulation of serum
within a tissue or organ. [CancerWEB]
|
|
Serpigo |
Ringworm or tetter, [Thomas1875] |
|
Serum Sickness
|
A delayed allergic reaction to the injection of an antiserum caused
by an antibody reaction to an antigen in the donor serum (syn: serum
disease) [Wordnet]
|
|
Sexually Transmitted Disease
|
Any of various diseases, including chancroid, chlamydia, gonorrhea,
and syphilis, that are usually contracted through sexual intercourse
or other intimate sexual contact. [Heritage]
Information sheet from NYS Dept
of Health
|
|
The Shakes
|
The fever and ague. [Colloq. U.S.].
Malarial Fever. [Webster]
|
|
Shaking Palsy
|
A degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized
by tremor and impaired muscular coordination; Parkinson's Disease.
[Wordnet]
|
|
Sharp Fever
|
Epidemic
Typhus
|
|
Shell Shock |
Posttraumatic stress disorder
resulting from wartime combat or similar experiences. No longer
in scientific use. Also called battle fatigue, combat fatigue, combat
neurosis, war neurosis. [Heritage] |
|
Shigellosis
|
Any condition produced by infection with organisms of the genus
Shigella, such as bacillary dysentery. [Dorland]
Information sheet from NYS Dept
of Health
|
|
Shinbone Fever
|
Trench Fever
|
|
Shingles
|
This is probably a
corruption of the Latin cingulum, a girdle, so called from the
situation which it occupies on the trunk of the body. It is the
Herpes zoster of Bateman. [Hoblyn1855]
A popular
name for herpes zoster. [Thomas1875]
Herpes zoster, an
erysipelatous eruption around the middle of the body.
[Cleaveland1886]
An acute viral
infection characterized by inflammation of the sensory ganglia of
certain spinal or cranial nerves and the eruption of vesicles along
the affected nerve path. It usually strikes only one side of the
body and is often accompanied by severe neuralgia. Also called herpes
zoster. [Heritage]
-
Fact sheet from CDC
-
Information sheet from NYS
Dept of Health
|
|
Ship Fever
|
Typhus Gravior
|
|
Sick Stomach
|
Milk sickness
|
|
Sideratio
|
The state of one struck suddenly, without apparent cause, and as
if by the influence of the stars or planets. The ancients comprised
under the name, different morbid conditions, such as paralysis,
apoplexy, and gangrene. [Dunglison1868]
|
|
Sinking
Chills
|
The congestive form
of intermittent fever; called pernicious fever or congestive
fever. It was known in the west as sinking chills.
|
|
Siriasis
|
Sunstroke
|
|
Situs Inversus
|
A congenital condition in which the organs of the viscera are transposed
through the sagittal plane so that the heart, for example, is on
the right side of the body. [Heritage]
|
|
Sixth
Disease
|
Exanthem Subitum.
Sixth
of six classic exanthems, or rash-associated diseases, of childhood.
|
|
Slapped Cheek Syndrome
|
Fifth Disease
|
|
Slavering
|
Involuntary flow of saliva, from
sluggishness of degluition, without increased secretion. It is
seen in the infant, the aged, and the idiot. Also called
Slabbering, Slobbering, Drivelling, and (Old English) Pirtling.
[Dunglison1868].
Drooling; defiling with saliva.
[Webster1913]
|
|
Sleeping Sickness
|
African Trypanosomiasis
or
Encephalitis
Lethargica.
|
|
Sleepy Sickness
|
Sleeping Sickness
|
|
Sloughing
|
Dead tissue separating from the surrounding tissue. [CivilWarMed]
|
|
Slow Fever
|
Typhoid Fever
|
|
Slows
|
Milk Sickness
|
|
Smallpox
|
An acute, highly infectious, often fatal disease
caused by a poxvirus and characterized by high fever and aches with
subsequent widespread eruption of pimples that blister, produce
pus, and form pockmarks. Also called variola. [Heritage].
There are three forms of smallpox: variola
major, variola minor and hemorrhagic smallpox, or black pox. These
vary in severity and fatality with black pox being 100% fatal. [Webster]
"smallpox" was first used in popular English
literature: sometime before 1588. [Webster]
Fact sheet from WHO
|
|
Hemorrhagic Smallpox
|
Another variety is that in which the eruption
assumes the haemorrhagic form owing to bleeding taking place into
the pocks after their formation. This is apt to be accompanied with
haemorrhages from various mucous surfaces (particularly in the case
of females), occasionally to a dangerous degree and with symptoms
of great prostration. Many of such cases prove fatal. [Britannica1911]
|
|
Malignant Smallpox
|
A still more serious form is that termed malignant,
toxic or purpuric smallpox, in which there is intense streptococcus
septicaemia, and the patient is from the onset overwhelmed with
the poison and quickly succumbs. The rash scarcely, if at all, appearing
or showing in the haemorrhagic or purpuric character. [Britannica1911]
|
|
Purpuric Smallpox
|
Malignant Smallpox
|
|
Toxic Smallpox
|
Malignant Smallpox
|
|
West Indian modified Smallpox
|
Variola Minor
|
|
Snail Fever
|
Schistosomiasis
|
|
Snurle
|
Coryza
|
|
Soft Chancre
|
Chancroid
|
|
Brain Softening
|
Cerebral Softening
|
|
Cerebral Softening
|
A localized softening of the brain substance, due to hemorrhage
or inflammation. Three varieties, distinguished by their color and
representing different stages of the morbid process, are known respectively
as red, yellow, and white, softening. [Webster]

|
|
Red Softening
|
Cerebral softening resulting from inflammation. [Dunglison1874]
|
|
White Softening
|
Cerebral softening resulting from imperfect nutrition, due to deficient
supply of blood. [Dunglison1874]
|
|
Yellow Softening
|
Cerebral softening resulting from the death of a portion of the
cerebral tissue. [Dunglison1874]
|
|
Soor
|
Aphthae
|
|
Sore Mouth
|
Stomatitis
|
|
Sore Throat
|
Angina Simplex
|
|
Sore Throat Distemper
|
The croup,
diphtheria. |
|
Malignant Sore Throat
|
Cynanche Maligna
|
|
Spanish Disease
|
Syphilis.
The Italians and the Dutch called it the Spanish disease.
|
|
Heart Spasm
|
Angina Pectoris
|
|
Spasms / Spasmus
|
A sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles;
Cramps. [Heritage]
|
|
Infantile Spasms
|
Primary generalized epileptic seizures occurring in infants between
birth and twelve months of age consisting of brief synchronous contractions
of the neck, torso, and both arms. These seizures often occur in
infants with underlying neurologic diseases. [CancerWEB]
|
|
Sphacelus
|
Gangrene when it
occupies the whole limb of a body. [Dunglison1868]
|
|
Spider Fingers
|
Marfan's Syndrome
|
|
Spina Bifida
|
A congenital defect in which the spinal column is imperfectly closed
so that part of the meninges or spinal cord protrudes, often resulting
in hydrocephalus and other neurological disorders. Also called schistorrhachis.
[Heritage]
|
|
Spirillum Fever
|
Relapsing Fever
|
|
Spleen
|
Hypochondria
|
|
Spondylitis Deformans
|
Arthritis and osteitis deformans involving the spinal column; marked
by nodular deposits at the edges of the intervertebral disks with
ossification of the ligaments and bony ankylosis of the intervertebral
articulations, it results in a rounded kyphosis with rigidity. [CancerWEB]
|
|
Spotted Fever
|
A febrile disease typically characterized by a skin eruption, such
as
typhus gravior, epidemic
cerebral meningitis, and the infections caused by tick-borne rickettsiae
(Rocky Mountain spotted fever, boutonneuse fever, and others). [Dorland]
|
|
Sprue
|
A chronic form of malabsorption syndrome occurring in both tropical
and nontropical forms. [Dorland].
Also called: Sprew.
|
|
Squinancy
|
Quinsy
|
|
Squinzey
|
Quinsy
|
|
St. Andrew's Disease
|
Gout |
|
St. Anthony's Fire
|
Ergotism; aka Ignis Sacer and
Holy Fire, also used for Anthrax and later for Erysipelas.
[Schmidt2005]
Erysipelas.
[Hoblyn1855].
Erysipelas.
[Dunglison1868].
The erysipelas; --
popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured
by the intercession of Saint Anthony. [Webster1913]
Erysipelas, Anthrax. [Gould1916]
Erysipelas; -- an
eruptive fever which St. Anthony was supposed to cure
miraculously. --Hoblyn. [Webster]
Ergotism; is
the effect of long-term ergot poisoning, classically due to the
ingestion of the alkaloids produced by the Claviceps purpurea
fungus which infects rye and other cereals, and more recently by
the action of a number of ergoline-based drugs. It is also known
as ergotoxicosis or ergot poisoning. [Wikipedia]
The history of Saint
Anthony’s Fire is fascinating but complex. In the majority of
the old documents it is depicted as a horrible disease leading
to excruciating pain, gangrene and hallucinations. Many diseases
including black death and syphilis have been named in this way;
however after the Middle Ages, Saint Anthony’s Fire became a
synonym of ergotism in France and Germany, of erysipelas in
England, of herpes zoster in Italy. While the term of ‘Saint
Anthony’s Fire’ is outdated when it refers to ergotism or
erysipelas, in Italy herpes zoster is, at present still, more
well known by its eponym. [www.bium.univ-paris5.fr].
Medicinenet St Anthony's Fire - Ergotism
CSP
Ergot and Ergotism
UCLA Botanical Garden
- Claviceps
Health and Energy - Diseases
linked to Molds
|
|
St. Gothard's Disease
|
Ankylostomiasis.
[Gould1916] |
|
St. Hubert's Disease
|
Hydrophobia.
[Gould1916] |
|
St. John's Dance
|
St. Vitus' Dance, chorea
|
|
St. John's Evil
|
Epilepsy |
|
St. Roch's Disease
|
Bubo.
[Gould1916] |
|
St. Sement's Disease
|
Syphilis.
[Gould1916] |
|
St. Vitus' Dance
|
Chorea Santi Viti. It
consisted in tremulous and jerking motions of the limbs. The
name of St. Vitus' Dance was given to this affection, in
consequence of the cure produced on certain women of disordered
mind, upon their visiting the chapel of St. Vitus, near Ulm, and
there dancing from morning till night. [Hoblyn1855]
Chorea occurring
chiefly in children and associated with rheumatic fever; Sydenham's
Chorea. [Heritage]
|
|
Status Lymphaticus |
Hyperplasia of the lymphatic
tissue formerly believed to be a cause of sudden death in
infancy and childhood but now no longer recognized as a genuine
pathological entity called also lymphatism. [Merriam-Webster]
Old term for a syndrome of
supposed enlargement of the thymus and lymph nodes in infants
and young children, formerly believed to be associated with
unexplained sudden death; it was also erroneously believed that
pressure of the thymus on the trachea might cause death during
anesthesia. Prominence of these structures is now considered
normal in young children, including those who have died suddenly
without preceding illnesses that might lead to atrophy of
lymphoid tissue. [Cancerweb] |
|
Stegnosis
|
Constriction or narrowing of the pores or vessels. Stricture. Constipation,.
Suppression or stopping or stoppage of the evacuations. [Dunglison1874]
|
|
Stenosis
|
A constriction or narrowing of a duct or passage; a stricture. [Heritage]
|
|
Stethaemia
|
Hyperaemia of the lungs. Congestion or accumulation of blood in
the pulmonary vessels. [Dunglison1868]
|
|
Stillbirth
|
A child or fetus dead at birth. [Heritage]
|
|
Stillborn
|
Dead at birth.
Example
from an 1898 Cemetery record
from Maine:

Example
from a 1909 Canadian Death
Certificate:

|
|
Stitch
|
A spasmodic action of
the muscles of the side, accompanied with pain, produced by
running, etc. [Hoblyn1855]
A local sharp pain; an acute pain, like the piercing of a needle;
as, a stitch in the side. [Webster].
A symptom of
Pleurisy. [Buchan1785]
|
|
Stitches in the Side
|
Intercostal
Neuralgia. [Gould1916] |
|
Stomach Disease
|
Limosis |
|
Stomach Flu
|
Gastroenteritis
|
|
Stomatitis
|
Inflammation of the mouth. [Appleton1904]
Any of numerous
inflammatory diseases of the mouth having various causes (as
mechanical trauma, irritants, allergy, vitamin deficiency, or
infection). [Merriam-Webster]
|
|
Stonepock
|
Tubercular tumours of
the face, the acne indurata of Bateman. [Hoblyn1855]
|
|
Stoppage
|
Stegnosis
|
|
Stopping
|
Constipation
|
|
Strain
|
To injure or impair by overuse or overexertion. [Heritage]
|
|
Stranger's Fever
|
Yellow or remittent
fever, which is endemic in certain places, and to which strangers
are especially liable. [Dunglison1868]
|
|
Strangulation
|
State of a part too closely constricted. Thus we say that there
is strangulation of an intestinal hernia, when the opening that
gives passage to the portion of the protruded intestine seriously
intercepts the continuity of the digestive canal. In Legal Medicine,
it means the forcible obstruction of the air-passages, by a ligature
or by the hand, for criminal purposes. See suffocation. [Dunglison1874]
|
|
Stranguria / Strangury
|
A condition marked by slow, painful urination, caused by muscular
spasms of the urethra and bladder. [Heritage]
|
|
Strep Throat
|
An infection of the throat, often epidemic, caused by hemolytic
streptococci and characterized by fever and inflammation of the
tonsils. [Heritage]
|
|
Strawberry Tongue
|
The characteristic tongue of scarlatina,
in which the vessels of the fungiform papillae become turgid,
causing the papillae to stand out as red points, in marked
contrast with the thick coating of fur on the filiform papillae.
[Gould1916] |
|
Stricture
|
The abnormal narrowing of a canal, duct, or passage. [CivilWarMed]
|
|
Stricture of the Uretha
|
Stricture
|
|
Stroke
|
Apoplexy
|
|
|