English Reference Books

A comparative view of the mortality of the human species, at all ages.

By William Black.

Published 1788 [s.n.]

Domestic Medicine; Or, A Treatise on the Prevention and Cure of Diseases by Regimen and Simple Medicine.

By William Buchan.

Published 1798 A. Strahan [etc.]

Hooper1822

Hooper’s Lexicon-Medicum or Medical Dictionary

by Robert Hooper, M.D., F.L.S.

Printed by Harpers & Brothers, New York, USA

© 1822

Grose1823

Grose's Classical Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue.

By Francis Grose. Published 1823.

Printed for Sherwood, Neely, and Jones

Hooper1829

Hooper’s Lexicon-Medicum or Medical Dictionary

by Robert Hooper, M.D., F.L.S.

The 4th American, from the Last London Edition

Printed by Harpers & Brothers, New York, USA

© 1829

Holloway1840

A General Dictionary of Provincialisms.

By William Holloway.

Published 1840 J. R. Smith

Hooper1843

Hooper’s Lexicon-Medicum or Medical Dictionary

13^th American Edition by Robert Hooper, M.D., F.L.S.

Printed by Harpers & Brothers, New York, USA

© 1843

Wood1852

A Treatise on the practice of medicine v.2.

By George Bacon Wood.

Published 1852 Lippincott, Grambo

Hufeland1855

Enchiridion medicum, or, The practice of medicine.

By Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland.

Published 1855 W. Radde

Dunglison1855

Dunglison's Medical Dictionary 12th Edition Revised

A Dictionary of Medical Science by Robley Dunglison, M.D., LL.D.

Printed by Collins, Philadelphia, USA

© 1855, Blanchard and Lea, Philadelphia, USA

Wright1857

Dictionary of Obsolete and Provincial English: Containing Words from the English Writers.

By Thomas Wright.

Published 1857 H. G. Bohn

Orchard1860

A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words, Obsolete Phrases, Proverbs, and Ancient Customs.

By James Orchard Halliwell-Phillipps.

Published 1860 J. R. Smith

Gunn1860

Gunn's domestic medicine, or, Poor man's friend, in the hours of affliction, pain, and sickness.

By John C. Gunn.

Published 1860 C. M. Saxton, Barker & Co.

Dunglison1868

Dunglison's Medical Dictionary Revised Edition

A Dictionary of Medical Science by Robley Dunglison, M.D., LL.D.

Printed by Collins, Philadelphia, USA

© 1868, Henry C. Lea, Philadelphia, USA

Dunglison1872

History of Medicine from the Earliest Ages to the Commencement of the Nineteenth Century.

By Robley Dunglison.

Published 1872 Lindsay and Blakiston.

Ellis1872

Family Homoeopathy.

By John Ellis.

Published 1872 E. R. Ellis ...

Dunglison1874

Dunglison's Medical Dictionary

A Dictionary of Medical Science by Robley Dunglison, M.D., LL.D.

Printed by Collins, Philadelphia, USA

© 1874, Henry C. Lea, Philadelphia, USA

Thomas1875

Pronouncing Medical Dictionary

A Comprehensive Medical Dictionary by J. Thomas, M.D.

© 1875, J. B. Lippincott & Co., Philadelphia, USA

Elworthy1875

The Dialect of West Somerset: A Paper Read Before the Philological Society.

By Frederick Thomas Elworthy.

Published 1875. Pub. for the English dialect society by Trübner & co.

Bartlett1877

Dictionary of Americanisms: A Glossary of Words and Phrases Usually Regarded as Peculiar to the United States.

By John Russell Bartlett.

Published 1877 Little, Brown, and Company.

Orchard1881

A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words, Obsolete Phrases, Proverbs, and Ancient Customs.

By James Orchard Halliwell-Phillipps.

Published 1881 J. R. Smith.

Vogel1885

A Practical treatise on the diseases of children.

By Alfred Vogel. Published 1885 D. Appleton and Co.

Pepper1885

A System of Practical Medicine. By William Pepper, Louis Starr.

Published 1885 Lea brothers & co.

Cleaveland1886

Pronouncing Medical Lexicon

C.H.Cleaveland, M.D., 32nd edition

P.Blakiston, Son & Co., Philadelphia © 1886

Reporter1890

The Medical and Surgical Reporter.

Published 1890 s.n.

Leland1889

A Dictionary of Slang, Jargon & Cant: Embracing English, American, and Anglo-Indian Slang.

By Charles Godfrey Leland, Albert Barrère.

Published 1889 The Ballantyne Press.

Startmann1891

A Middle-English Dictionary: Containing Words Used by English Writers from the Twelfth to the Fifteenth Century.

By Francis Henry Stratmann.

Published 1891 The Clarendon Press.

Loomis1895

A Text-book of practical medicine: Designed for the Use of Students and Practitioners of Medicine.

By Alfred Lebbeus Loomis.

Published 1895 W. Wood

Crookshank1896

A Text-book of Bacteriology

By Edgar March Crookshank

Published in 1896 by Saunders

Stewart1898

A Synopsis of the practice of medicine.

By William Blair Stewart.

Published 1898 E.B. Treat and co.

Hoblyn1900

A Dictionary of terms used in medicine and the collateral sciences.

By Richard Dennis Hoblyn.

Published 1900 Lea Bros.

Taylor1901

Manual of the Diseases of Children.

By John Madison Taylor, William Hughes Wells.

Published 1901 Blakistons̓ Son & Co.

Koplik1902

The Diseases of Infancy and Childhood

Designed for the use of Students and Practitioners of Medicine by Henry Koplik, M.D.

Printed by William J. Dornan, Philadelphia, USA

© 1902, Lea Brothers & Co. Philadelphia, USA

Nothnagel1902

Nothnagel's Encyclopedia of practical medicine.

By Hermann Nothnagel.

Published 1902 Saunders.

Khory1903

Materia medica of India and their therapeutics.

By Rustomjee Naserwanjee Khory.

Published 1903 Caxton Works.

Appleton1904

Appletons’ Medical Dictionary

An Illustrated Dictionary of Medicine and Allied Subjects

Printed at the Appleton Press New York, USA

© 1904, by D. Appleton and Company

MICD1909

Manual of the International Causes of Death 2nd Revision

Based on the 2^nd Decennial Revision by the International Commission, Paris, July 1909

Printed at the Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. USA

1916 Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Sam L. Rogers, Director

Kober1916

Diseases of Occupation and Vocational Hygiene

By George M. Kober, M.D., LL.D. and William C. Hanson, M.D.

© 1916 by P. Blakiston's Son & Co.

Gould1916

The Practitioner's Medical Dictionary

By George M. Gould, A.M., M.D.

3rd Edition - Revised and Enlarged

© 1916 by P. Blakiston's Son & Co.

Farmer1921

A Dictionary of Slang and Colloquial English.

By John Stephen Farmer.

Published 1921 E.P. Dutton & Co.

NomDis1935

Standard Classified Nomenclature of Disease, 2nd Edition

Compiled by The National Conference on Nomenclature of Disease

Printed by E.L. Hildreth & Co., Brattleboro, Vermont, U.S.A.

© 1935

Saunders1945

Manual of Tropical Medicine

Prepared Under the Auspices of the Division of Medical Sciences of the National Research Council

Printed by W.B. Saunders Press, Philadelphia, USA

© 1945 by W.B. Saunders Company

NomDis1961

The Nomenclature of Disease, 8^th Edition

Drawn up by a Joint Committee appointed by the Royal College of Physicians of London

Published by Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, London, England

Printed by McCorquodale Printers (Crewe) Ltd.

© 1961 by Crown

Cavender2003

Folk Medicine in Southern Appalachia.

By Anthony P. Cavender.

Published 2003 UNC Press.

Hufeland1857

Enchiridion medicum: Oder, Anleitung zur medizinischen Praxis. Vermächtniss einer funfzigjährigen Erfahrung.

By Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland.

Published 1857 Jonas Verlagsbuchhandlung

Whitney1877

A Compendious German and English Dictionary

with Notation of Correspondences and Brief Etymologies

© 1877 by William Dwight Whitney

Printed by Henry Holt and Company, NY

Sydenham1882

A German-English dictionary of words and terms used in medicine and its cognate sciences.

By Robert Sydenham. Fancourt Barnes

.Published 1882 Toeplitz and Deuticke.

Stout1883

Unser Familien Arzt

Ein Noth und Hilfsbuch in kranken Tagen

By Dr. med H. R. Stout

© 1883 by Georg Brumder, Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Treves1890

German-English Medical Dictionary

German-English Dictionary of Medical Terms

By Frederick Treves, F.R.C.S. Eng.

© 1890 by J & A Churchill, London, England

Blaschke1907

Medizinisches Wörterbuch abteilung II

German-English-French Dictionary of Medical Terms

© 1907 by Paul Blaschke

Waller1907

German-English medical dictionary.

By Joseph R. Waller.

Published 1907 Deuticke.

Lang1913

Lang's German-English Medical Dictionary 2nd Edition

A German-English Dictionary of Medical Terms

Printed at The Maple Press York, PA. USA

© 1913 by P. Blakiston’s Son & Co.

Knaurs1931

Knaurs Lexikon A-Z

German Dictionary

© 1931 Knaurs

Lang1932

Lang's German-English Medical Dictionary 4th Edition

A German-English Dictionary of Medical Terms

Printed at The Maple Press York, PA. USA

© 1932 by P. Blakiston’s Son & Co.

DeVries1952

German-English Medical Dictionary

First edition 1952, Louis De Vries

Printed at The Maple Press York, PA. USA

© 1952 by the McGraw-Hill Book Company

Gordon1921

French-English Medical Dictionary

by Alfred Gordon, A.M., M.D. (Paris)

© 1921 by P. Blakiston’s Son & Co.

Informational Pamphlets, Magazines and Articles

Kendall1881

A Treatise on The Horse and His Diseases

Printed in 1916 by Dr. B.J. Kendall & Co., Enosburg Falls, Vermont, USA

© 1881 by Dr. B.J. Kendall & Co.

Wilson1893

Prof. W.C. Wilson's new Dictionary of Disease

A Plain Definition of Medical Terms

Printed at Press Tiernan-Havens Printing Co. Kansas City, MO USA

© 1893

NGSQ1988

National Genealogical Society Quarterly

December 1988, Volume 76, Number 4

© 1988 by National Genealogical Society

Rigdon2001

A Dictionary of Civil War Era Diseases

Published by Eastern Digital Resources, Augusta, GA USA

© 2001 by John Rigdon

History Books

Zinsser

Rats, Lice and History

by Hans Zinsser

Printed by Little, Brown and Company, Boston, USA

© 1935, by Hans Zinsser

Cartwright

Disease and History

by Frederick F. Cartwright in collaboration with Michael D. Biddiss

Printed by Dorset Press New York, USA

© 1972, by Frederick F. Cartwright

Reprinted in 1991

Stolley

Investigating Disease Patterns: The Science of Epidemiology

by Paul D. Stolley, Tamar Lasky

Publisher: W.H. Freeman & Company; (June 1, 1995)

McNeill

Plagues and People

by William H. McNeill
Anchor Books/Doubleday; Updated edition (February 1998)

Bray

Armies of Pestilence: The Impact of Disease on History

by R.S. Bray

Publisher: Barnes & Noble

Printed 1998

Wilbur

Civil War Medicine 1861-1865

by C. Keith Wilbur, M.D.

Publisher: Globe Peqout, Guilford, CT

Copyright © 1998, by C. Keith Wilbur

English Internet Reference Sources

BBCHealth

The On-line Health Magazine

http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/

Britannica1911

The 1911 Edition Encyclopedia

The 11th edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica, first published in 1911.

© 2002-2003 by LoveToKnow, Corp.
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/

Buchan1785

Domestic Medicine

© W. Buchan, London, Nov. 10, 1785
http://www.harvestfields.ca/herbs/bkh05/000.htm

CancerWEB

The On-line Medical Dictionary

Published at the Dept. of Medical Oncology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne
© Copyright 1997-2003 - The CancerWEB Project.

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/index.html

CBWinfo

Biological Weapons Gateway

© Copyright 1999-2001 - CBWInfo.com

http://www.cbwinfo.com/Biological/BWList.shtml

CDC

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Department of Health and Human Services

http://www.cdc.gov/

CivilWarMed

National Museum of Civil War Medicine

Copyright © National Museum of Civil War Medicine.

http://www.civilwarmed.org/index.cfm

CMPMedica

Everybody

© CMPMedica (NZ) Ltd.
http://www.everybody.co.nz/index.html

Dorland

Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary

Copyright 2002 W. B. Saunders.

http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzusz

SzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_a-b_00zPzhtm

eCureMe

eCureMe

Copyright © 2001 - 2004 eCureMe, Inc All right reserved.

http://www.ecureme.com/index.asp

Encarta

Microsoft® Encarta®

Encyclopedia 2000

© 1993-1999 Microsoft Corporation.

Etymology

Online Etymology Dictionary

© 2001 Douglas Harper

http://www.pulmonologychannel.com/

GrayBook

Foreign Animal Diseases  “The Gray Book”

Copyright© 1998 by United States Animal Health Association.  All Rights Reserved.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 17-12842

http://www.vet.uga.edu/vpp/gray_book/FAD/index.htm

Heritage

The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition

Copyright © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company.

http://dictionary.reference.com/

HyperBiology

Biology Dictionary, HyperDictionary.com

Copyright © 2000-2003 Webnox Corp.

http://www.hyperdictionary.com/

HyperMedical

Medical Dictionary, HyperDictionary.com

Copyright © 2000-2003 Webnox Corp.

http://www.hyperdictionary.com/

Mayoclinic

Mayo Clinic

http://www.mayoclinic.com/

MedDictOnline

Medical Dictionary Online

Copyright © 2004

http://www.online-medical-dictionary.org

Medicinenet

Medicinenet.com

© 1996-2004 MedicineNet, Inc.

http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/hp.asp

MedlinePlus

MedlinePlus Health Encyclopedia

The National Library of Medicine

http://www.medlineplus.gov

Merriam

Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary

© 2002 by Merriam-Webster, Incorporated

http://www.m-w.com/

NYHealth

New York State Department of Health

Communicable Diseases

http://www.health.state.ny.us/

Pulmonology

Pulmonologychannel

© 1998-2004, by Healthcommunities.com, Inc.

http://www.pulmonologychannel.com/

Stedman

Stedman's Medical Dictionary

Copyright © 2002 by Houghton Mifflin Company.

http://dictionary.reference.com/

Thomas1907

The Eclectic Practice of Medicine

by Rolla L. Thomas, M. S., M. D., 1907.

Scanned version copyright © 2002-2004 Michael Moore.

http://www.ibiblio.org/herbmed/eclectic/thomas/main.html

Webster1913

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

http://www.hyperdictionary.com/

Webster

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary

© 1996, 1998 MICRA, Inc.

http://dictionary.reference.com/

Webster

Webster's Online Dictionary, The Rosetta Edition

Copyright © 2005 Philip M. Parker, INSEAD.

http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/

WHO

World Health Organization

http://www.who.int/en/

Whonamedit

Whonamedit Dictionary of Medical Eponyms

© 1994-2001 Ole Daniel Enersen. All rights reserved.

http://www.whonamedit.com/

Wikipedia

Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia

Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002  Free Software Foundation, Inc.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

Wolfbane

International Classification of Diseases

© Wolfbane Cybernetic Ltd 1996-2004

http://www.wolfbane.com/icd/index.html

Wordnet

WordNet ® 1.6

© 1997 Princeton University

http://dictionary.reference.com/

German Internet Reference Sources

Dict.cc.Online

dict.cc, Online Translation service, Englisch/Deutsch Wörterbuch

© 2002 - 2004 Paul Hemetsberger

http://www.dict.cc/

LEOnline

LEO - Link Everything Online

Copyright © LEO Dictionary Team 1995-2003 (German to English)

http://dict.leo.org/

RocheLexikon

Roche Lexikon Medizin

(German) 4.Auflage; © Urban & Fischer Verlag, München 1984/1987/1993/1999

http://www.gesundheit.de/roche